Through the development of critical energy modelling capacity, the consortium will make a substantial and internationally leading research impact. Prioritising on key modelling areas of high relevance to energy systems, innovative interdisciplinary analyses will generate a range of new, forward looking insights. These research questions are:

1. How does energy demand co-evolve with changes in practice, supply, and policy?

2. How will the endogenous, uncertain, and path dependent process of technological change impact future energy systems?

3. How can the energy supply-demand system be optimised over multiple energy vectors and infrastructures?

4. What are the major future physical and economic interactions and stresses between the UK energy system and the broader environment?

The key aims of the interdisciplinary wholeSEM consortium are:

1. Undertake internationally cutting edge research on prioritised energy system topics;

2. Integrate whole energy systems modelling approaches across disciplinary boundaries;

3. Build bilateral engagement mechanisms with the wider UK energy systems community in academia, government and industry.